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Visiting the Squatters Cabin in Sequoia National Park

by Laurie Schwaller

     The Squatters Cabin, one of Sequoia National Park’s oldest remaining buildings, is also one of only two known remaining structures of the historic Kaweah Colony (along with the Colony Mill Road, now a hiking trail). The fascinating stories of this ill-fated idealistic, socialistic colony and the founding of our nation’s second great national park are deeply intertwined, centering issues, trends, philosophies, and controversies that are still very much alive today. This homestead cabin beside peaceful Huckleberry Meadow amid the ancient giant sequoias, stands literally and figuratively at a nexus of these ongoing conflicts. Read this history!

December, 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  

 


Maps & Directions:

 

From Visalia, go east on Hwy 198 through Three Rivers to the Sequoia National Park entrance station (fee), where Hwy 198 becomes the Generals Highway.

Continue up the mountain on the Generals Highway to just before the Giant Forest Museum, where you will turn right onto the Moro Rock/Crescent Meadow Road.

Follow this road (bearing left where the road to Moro Rock bears to the right) to the Crescent Meadow parking lot and the trailhead on the west (left-hand) side of Crescent Meadow going to Huckleberry Meadow.

(NOTE: Crescent Meadow Road may be closed in peak season (typically mid-May to mid-September) to automobile traffic; if so, you can park across the highway from the museum and then catch the Gray Route 2 shuttle to Crescent Meadow).

 


Maps & Directions:

 

 

Take the Crescent Meadow trail on the left (west) side of the meadow and go north to the first trail junction, where you’ll go left (west) toward Huckleberry Meadow.

At the next junction, go straight (west) toward Huckleberry Meadow. Soon you’ll see the Squatters Cabin, sitting just a bit above the meadow, on your left.

Nearby TreasuresTharp’s Log, near the northwest edge of Log Meadow, trailhead at Crescent Meadow;  Moro Rock Stairway, just a short loop drive off the Crescent Meadow Road.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment:  giant sequoia grove, mixed conifer forest, lush meadows, creeks, rock outcrops, wildlife, many trails; carry a good map
Activities:  birding, botanizing, hiking, history, photography, wildflower and wildlife viewing (NOTE: no water is available on the trails [any water in creeks, etc. must be purified before drinking]; water and restrooms are available at Crescent Meadow, except in snow season)
Open:  daily, weather permitting (Crescent Meadow/Moro Rock road closed to vehicle traffic in snow season; road is open to hikers, snowshoers, and cross-country skiers), except in emergency conditions; park entrance fee
Site Steward:  National Park Service, Sequoia National Park, 559-565-3341
Opportunities for Involvement:  donate , volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links:  Sequoia Kings Canyon National Parks (NPS Site); Visit Sequoia.comPlan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions
Books:
1)  Kaweah Remembered: The Story of the Kaweah Colony and the Founding of Sequoia National Park, by William C. Tweed (Sequoia Natural History Association, 1986)
2)  Co-Operative Dreams – A History of the Kaweah Colony, by Jay O’Connell (Raven River Press, 1999)
3)  Challenge of the Big Trees -The Updated History of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, by William C. Tweed and Lary M. Dilsaver (University of Virginia Press, 2017)
4)  King Sequoia: The Tree That Inspired a Nation, Created Our National Park System, and Changed the Way We Think about Nature, by William C. Tweed (Heyday, 2016)
There are also many articles online about the Kaweah Colony and its lasting significance.

 

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Visiting Sequoia-Kings Canyon Wilderness

by Laurie Schwaller

     The glorious Sequoia-Kings Canyon Wilderness is huge (over 800,000 acres) and dramatically diverse, with elevations ranging from under 2,000′ to 14,505′ atop Mt. Whitney, threaded by over 800 miles of challenging trails traveling from foothill oak woodlands through varied coniferous forest belts over high passes and along rushing creeks and rivers, through flower-bright meadows, past hundreds of lakes and tarns, into the alpine zone and up to the top of the tallest mountain in the 48 contiguous U.S. states. The scenery is spectacular, the night skies sublime, wildlife abounds, the experience is life-changing, indelible.

December, 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  


Maps & Directions:

 

 

There are many points of access into the huge Sequoia-Kings Canyon Wilderness.  Here are most of the ones going north on, or not too far off, the Generals Highway:

From Visalia, go east on Hwy 198 through Three Rivers to the Sequoia National Park entrance station (fee), where Hwy 198 becomes the Generals Highway.  Stop at the Ash Mountain Visitors Center and Wilderness Office for maps, current conditions, and your Wilderness Permit.

Access points to the Sequoia-Kings Canyon Wilderness trailheads include: Buckeye Flat road off Hospital Rock; Crescent Meadow road’s end (in Giant Forest); Wolverton parking lots; Lodgepole parking lots; Forest Road 14S11 east to Big Meadows, Rowell Meadow, and Horse Corral to Marvin Pass trailhead for access via Jennie Lakes Wilderness; at the junction with Hwy 180 to Grant Grove, leave the Generals Highway and follow Hwy 180 down into Kings Canyon all the way to Roads End and trailheads there into the Wilderness.

You can also access this Wilderness from the Mineral King Road out of Three Rivers. There are trailheads at Atwell Mill, Cold Springs Campground, and road’s end in Mineral King.

 


Site Details & Activities:

 

Environment:  well over 800,000 acres, giant sequoia groves, extensive mixed conifer forests, lush meadows, creeks, rivers (including Wild and Scenic), waterfalls, lakes, tarns, vast areas above tree line, dozens of high peaks (including Mt. Whitney, the highest in the contiguous U.S., at 14,505′), huge canyons, wildflowers galore, wildlife at every elevation, over 800 miles of trails in all kinds of terrain (including about 100 miles of the John Muir Trail and the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail, and all of the High Sierra Trail), and tremendous areas with no trails, for cross-country hikers seeking space, solitude, and the great gift of only natural sounds; carry good maps, plan your trip carefully and well in advance (Wilderness Permit required; quotas apply on many trails late May-late September)
Activities:  backpacking, birding, botanizing, camping, caving, hiking, history/historical sites, horseback riding and packing, kayaking, fishing (license required), mountaineering, photography, rock climbing, stargazing, wildflower and wildlife viewing (Wilderness Permit required for overnight stays; no pets allowed)
Open:  Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks are always open, weather permitting , except in emergency conditions; park entrance fee; Wilderness Permit required for overnighting; quotas apply on many trails, generally late May through late September, with Recreation fee required for entry during quota season; reservations may be made 6 months to 1 week before entry date; campfire permits may be required (NOTE that campfires are not permitted in some areas), maximum group sizes (including stock) apply.
Site Steward:  National Park Service, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, 559-565-3341; Wilderness Office, 559-565-3766
Opportunities for Involvement:  donate , volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links: Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (NPS Site)
Visit Sequoia.com
Plan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions;
Sequoia Park Shuttle
Books:  1)  Challenge of the Big Trees – The Updated History of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks,
by William C. Tweed and Lary M. Dilsaver (University of Virginia Press, 2017)
2)  Granite Pathways: A History of the Wilderness Trail System of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, by William C. Tweed (Sequoia Parks Conservancy, 2021)

 

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Traveling the Pacific Crest Trail in Tulare County

by Laurie Schwaller

     The Pacific Crest Trail travels about 125 miles within Tulare County, from mile-high high-desert expanses in the south through the trail’s highest point, atop Forester Pass (13,200′), in the High Sierra — living up to its National Scenic Trail designation all the way.  With a shuttle set-up, you can hike Tulare County top to bottom (or vice-versa) on the PCT, or you can explore the PCT’s glorious TC landscapes in several shorter segments.  If you can’t hike the whole 2,600-mile PCT, you can experience much of the awesome best of it right here in Tulare County.

December, 2025

 

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  


Maps & Directions:

NOTE: There is no quick way to access the PCT from Visalia and the west side of the Sierra Nevada, but there are a number of ways to access it, depending on whether you want to thru-hike the Tulare County segment on it, or hike it in shorter segments.  Most of the options work better with a shuttle set-up, unless you don’t mind retracing your steps (since the views all look different when you’re going the other way, as may the weather and the wildlife).

For a bottom-to-top trip or vice-versa, logical trailheads to the PCT would be, in the south, at the Walker Pass trailhead on Hwy 178 (maybe 10 miles below the Tulare County line) or from the Chimney Creek Campground area (maybe 5 miles above the TC line) up from Canebrake Flat on Hwy 178 on Canebrake Road/Chimney Peak Backcountry Byway (see our Chimney Peak Wilderness page for details); 

and in the north from the Onion Valley trailhead (west of Independence/Hwy 395) for the Kearsarge Pass Trail going west to its junction with the PCT a few miles north of the Tulare County line (see our John Muir Trail page for details [the PCT joins the JMT for many miles in this area]).  You could also consider leaving your north-end vehicle at Road’s End in Kings Canyon and hiking the Bubbs Creek Trail east to join the PCT/JMT a few miles south of the Kearsarge Pass Trail.

Directions to start from the south: From Visalia, go west on Hwy 198 and then south on Hwy 99 toward Bakersfield.

At Delano, take Hwy 155 east (left) toward Glenville and Lake Isabella. Follow Hwy 155 as it goes south along the lake to its junction with Hwy 178.

Go left (east) on Hwy 178 for about 30 miles to the Canebrake Flat area where you’ll go left (north) on rugged, graded-dirt, high-clearance, 4-wheel-drive-vehicle recommended Canebrake Road toward Chimney Creek campground.  Approximately 9 miles up from Hwy 178 is the junction of Canebrake and Long Valley/Chimney Basin Roads.  Per BLM, the best on-trail access is approximately 1.6 miles north of this junction at a small Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail trailhead.

Alternatively, continue past Canebrake on Hwy 178 to the Walker Pass PCT trailhead (with nearby campground).

To start from segments farther north, continue east past Canebrake on Hwy 178 to its junction with Hwy 395 and go north (left) to access trails such as those listed below:

NOTE: Several trails other than (and south of) Kearsarge Pass enable access to the PCT from Hwy 395 on the east side of the Sierra, e.g., Kennedy Meadows (via Nine Mile Canyon), Olancha Pass (via Olancha/Sage Flat Rd.), Mulkey Pass and Cottonwood Lakes (from Lone Pine and Lubken Canyon Road), etc.

Wilderness permits are required for overnight trips, and there are specific rules for PCT long-distance permit holders on camping and exiting the PCT corridor. Be sure to check the regulations for the specific areas you plan to hike before you go.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment:  High Desert, Foothills, Mountains, cacti, sagebrush, chaparral, forests of various conifers, rivers, streams, cottonwoods and oaks in riparian zones, big meadows, lakes, high passes, huge canyons, major elevation gains and losses, optional summit of Mt. Whitney (elevation 14,505′);  always carry water and good Pacific Crest Trail maps
Activities:  backpacking, birding, botanizing, dogs (allowed on leash and constantly under owner’s control in BLM and National Forest lands, but not on National Parks trails or Wilderness), camping, hiking, history, horseback riding and packing, photography, stargazing, wilderness, wildflower and wildlife viewing;  this can be a very strenuous adventure with all kinds of weather: plan far ahead, be well informed, and prepare and pack carefully
Open:  The Pacific Crest Trail is always open, weather permitting, unless closed due to emergency conditions; park entrance fee; various permits required (depending on where you’re going)
Site Steward:  The PCT in Tulare County passes through segments managed by different Site Stewards, including the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the National Forest Service, and Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.  The PCT also merges with the John Muir Trail in the northern part of Tulare County.  These agencies and trails have varying regulations and requirements; get fully informed, secure all relevant maps and permits, and plan and prepare carefully well in advance of your trip!
Traveling the PCT in Tulare County, you’ll be hiking mostly on Wilderness land, managed by BLM, National Forest Service, and Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
Opportunities for Involvement:  donate , volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy, volunteer.gov
Links:
Pacific Crest Trail Association:
https://www.pcta.org/     Read this website thoroughly. Too much info to show here, but here’s a little start; then keep reading (this is your gateway):
BLM (Bureau of Land Management) information:
National Forest Service:
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks information:
Plan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions;
Plan YourVisit/Wilderness Permits
Current Trail Conditions
Books and Maps:
Many books and maps about hiking the PCT are advertised and commented on online.  (There are also many blogs and videos about hiking the PCT.)  Be well informed and prepared; a successful hike on the PCT takes careful planning and conditioning well in advance of your wonder-full journey.  Hike your hike!

 

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Visiting Hospital Rock AKA Pah-Din in Sequoia National Park

by Laurie Schwaller

     Hospital Rock is an excellent stop along Sequoia National Park’s Generals Highway. “Pah-Din” provides panoramic foothill, mountain, and river views; short trails leading to Native American pictographs, bedrock mortars, and cupules; the huge Rock’s “hospital”; a captivating beach and seasonal waterfall beside the rushing Kaweah River; informative interpretive panels; bird and wildlife watching; and picnic facilities, restrooms, and drinking water. For many hundreds of years, Yokuts, Mono, and Tubatulabal people met, gathered, and lived in the large village on this site.  Savor, learn from, and remember this beautiful “place to go through.”

November, 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  


Maps & Directions:

 

 

From Visalia, go east on Hwy 198 through Three Rivers to the Sequoia National Park entrance station (fee), where Hwy 198 becomes the Generals Highway. Hospital Rock is about 6 scenic miles farther up on the Generals Highway.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment:  Foothills, abundant oak woodland, Kaweah River, long a large Native American village site (later a Sequoia National Park campground – with store, dining, and ranger station, and a Civilian Conservation Corps work site), Kaweah River access, scenic views, interpretive panels, picnic area, restroom and water fountain, short trails to pictographs, bedrock mortars, cupules; abundant wildlife and diverse plant life; nearby campground (seasonal) and hiking and backpacking trail to Redwood Meadow giant sequoia grove
Activities:  birding, botanizing, camping (nearby), fishing (license required), hiking, history, interpretive panels, Native American artifacts, photography, picnicking, river access, wildflower and wildlife viewing (NOTE: this is a bear area; store all food securely and dispose of all waste properly; never feed wildlife – keep wild animals wild for your safety and theirs. The Kaweah River’s current can be deceptively fast and strong and nearby rocks extremely slippery; use great caution near, on, and in this river, and never leave children unattended near the river.)
Open:  daily, weather permitting, except in emergency conditions; park entrance fee
Site Steward:  National Park Service, Sequoia National Park, 559-565-3341
Opportunities for Involvement:  donate , volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links:  Sequoia Kings Canyon National Parks (NPS Site); Visit Sequoia.com; Plan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions; Sequoia Park Shuttle
Books:  1) Challenge of the Big Trees -The Updated History of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, rev. edition,  by William C. Tweed and Lary M. Dilsaver (University of Virginia Press, 2017)
2)  A Guide to the Sequoia Groves of California, by Dwight Willard (Yosemite Association, 2000)
3)  King Sequoia: The Tree That Inspired a Nation, Created Our National Park System, and Changed the Way We Think About Nature, by William C. Tweed (Heyday, 2016)
4)  Images of America Sequoia National Park, by Ward Eldredge (Arcadia Publishing, 2008)

 

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Visiting Jennie Lakes Wilderness

by Laurie Schwaller

     Readily accessible from four trailheads, Sequoia National Forest’s 10,500 acre Jennie Lakes Wilderness offers 26 miles of hiking trails, beautiful lakes (Jennie and Weaver are the largest), perennial streams, lovely meadows, extensive coniferous forests, rocky peaks (especially 10,365′ Mitchell Peak) affording great views, beckoning spring wildflowers, watchable wildlife, and trail access to Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks’ backcountry (Wilderness permit required for travel into the Parks).  Jennie Lakes Wilderness lies almost entirely above 7,000′, so it’s refreshingly cool in summer; winter access is limited by road closures and its steep, snowy terrain.

November, 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  

 

Jennie Lakes Wilderness

 


Maps & Directions:

 From Visalia, take Hwy 198 east through Three Rivers to the Sequoia National Park entrance station (fee), where the road becomes the Generals Highway. Follow it through Sequoia National Park and into Sequoia National Forest. Soon after the sign for Montecito Sequoia Camp, watch on your right for Big Meadows Forest Service Road (14S11). Take this road for about 5 miles to the Big Meadows trailhead (hiking trail 29E03) for a moderate to strenuous hike into the Jennie Lakes Wilderness. For the Rowell Meadows Trailhead (12 miles off of the Generals Highway), follow Big Meadows Road (14S11) and turn right onto Forest Road 13S14 for 2.5 miles to the trailhead (trail 30E08) providing an easy to moderate hike into the Wilderness. For the Marvin Pass trailhead (13 miles off of Generals Hwy), follow Big Meadows Road (14S11) and turn right onto Forest Road 13S12 for 2 miles to the trailhead (trail 30E06) providing an easy to moderate hike into the Wilderness.

Alternatively, from Visalia, take Hwy 63 north to go east (right) on Hwy 180 to the Big Stump entrance station (fee) to Kings Canyon National Park. At the upcoming “Y” junction, go right onto the Generals Highway, and then left (east) onto Big Meadows Forest Service Road (14S11). Proceed per directions above to the 3 trailheads.

The fourth trailhead (Stony Creek, trail 29E06), which is significantly the steepest, is located off the Generals Highway at the far end of Upper Stony Creek campground, which is located just a bit north of the small Stony Creek development near the south end of the Generals Highway segment in Sequoia National Forest. Turn east off the Generals Highway to access Upper Stony Creek campground and the trailhead.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment:  Mountains, elevations about 7,000′ to 10,365′ (on Mitchell Peak), mixed conifer forests, six lakes, meadows, perennial streams, deep Boulder Creek canyon, 26 miles of trails
Activities:  backpacking, birdwatching, botanizing, camping (free campfire permit required for gas lanterns, stoves, and campfires), dogs must be kept on 6′ leash under your control and must not harass wildlife , fishing (with valid licenses and in compliance with Federal, state, and local regulations), hiking, horseback riding and packing (maximum 15 people and 25 head of stock allowed on overnight trips), hunting (with valid licenses and in compliance with Federal, state, and local regulations), photography, rock climbing, wildflower and wildlife viewing (NOTE: hunting is NOT allowed in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, and dogs are NOT allowed in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Wilderness areas.)
Open:  The Wilderness is always open, depending on weather, except when closed due to emergency conditions. NOTE: A Wilderness permit is not required to enter Jennie Lakes Wilderness, but IS required to enter Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Wilderness areas. Permit (free) required for campfires (campfires may be prohibited, depending on fire danger). All mechanized/motorized vehicles and equipment are prohibited in the Wilderness. Maximum group size: 15 people/25 head of stock per party. Leave No Trace.
Site Steward:  USDA, Sequoia National Forest, Hume Lake Ranger District, 559-338-2251
This Wilderness can be accessed from four Sequoia National Forest trailheads, and also from trailheads in Sequoia National Park and Kings Canyon National Park.
Opportunities for Involvement:  Visit volunteer.gov or reach out to your local National Forest office for information on opportunities near you.
Links: Jennie Lakes Wilderness Detailed Information: https://www.fs.usda.gov/r05/sequoia/recreation/jennie-lakes-wilderness

 

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Sequoia National Park’s Incomparable High Sierra Trail

by Laurie Schwaller

     Sequoia National Park’s fabulously scenic High Sierra Trail, “the most ambitious trail ever built by the National Park Service in the southern Sierra,” leads you in 62 rugged, up and down miles from lush, giant-sequoia-ringed Crescent Meadow, elevation 6700′, to the all-rock top of Mt. Whitney at 14,505′, the highest point in the lower 48 states. (It’s about 75 miles if you hike on down the east side to road’s end at Whitney Portal.) Built in 1928-1932, this classic, incomparable trail challenges and rewards its travelers with sights and experiences they never forget.

November, 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  

High Sierra Trail from Giant Forest to Mount Whitney Summit

 


Maps & Directions:

From Visalia, go east on Hwy 198 through Three Rivers to the Sequoia National Park entrance station (fee), where Hwy 198 becomes the Generals Highway. About a mile up the road, stop at the Wilderness Office near the Foothills Visitor Center to pick up your required Wilderness Permit for the High Sierra Trail (see Links in the Site Details section below). Continue up the mountain on the Generals Highway to just before the Giant Forest Museum and turn right onto the Moro Rock/Crescent Meadow Road. Follow it to its end at the Crescent Meadow parking lot. Find the HST trailhead sign near the restroom.

HST hikers typically make this a shuttle trip. Most travel the HST from west to east, culminating in summiting Mt. Whitney, then descending the 11-mile trail to Whitney Portal on the east side to meet a vehicle that will take them home (or back to the car they left at the start of their trek).

NOTE: You must obtain a Wilderness permit for the High Sierra Trail before you hike it. If you wish to complete your trip by hiking out down the east side to Whitney Portal, the Inyo National Forest will accept your Wilderness permit issued by Sequoia National Park as long as you meet the requirements for continuous wilderness travel.

(See our Smithsonian Shelter on Mt. Whitney page for a sketch map of the trail down to Whitney Portal.)

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment:  Mountains, forests, rivers, streams, lakes, high passes, huge canyons, major elevation gains and losses, summit of Mt. Whitney (elevation 14,505′); carry good High Sierra Trail maps
Activities:  backpacking, birding, botanizing, camping, hiking, history, photography, stargazing, wilderness, wildflower and wildlife viewing; this is a very strenuous adventure: plan it far ahead and prepare and pack carefully
Open:  Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks are always open, weather permitting, unless closed due to emergency conditions; park entrance fee; High Sierra Trail Wilderness Permit required
Site Steward:  National Park Service, Sequoia National Park, 559-565-3341
Opportunities for Involvement:  donate , volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links:
Plan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions;
Sequoia Kings Canyon Lodging;
Sequoia Park Shuttle;
Plan YourVisit/Wilderness Permits
Current Trail Conditions
high_sierra_trail_gentle_ribbon_of_rock Excellent film on the planning and construction of the High Sierra Trail, narrated by WilliamTweed; see it on You Tube
Books:  1)  Granite Pathways: A History of the Wilderness Trail System of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, by William C. Tweed (Sequoia Parks Conservancy, August, 2021)
2)  A number of books about hiking the HST are advertised online. (There are also many blogs and videos about hiking the HST.) Be informed and prepared; a successful hike on the HST takes careful planning and conditioning well in advance of your journey.
See also: high_sierra_trail_gentle_ribbon_of_rock  Excellent film on the planning and construction of the High Sierra Trail, narrated by WilliamTweed; on You Tube

 

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Giant Forest Historic Districts

by Laurie Schwaller

     At their peak, in about 1940, Sequoia National Park’s concessionaire’s historic Giant Forest Lodge, Camp Kaweah, and Giant Forest Village had spread 400+ structures through a large part of the Giant Forest. continually increasing tourism and the concessionaire’s interest in building still more. In 1978, the Park qualified 71 of the most architecturally, culturally, and historically significant of these buildings for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.

     But two years later, the park’s 1980 Development Concept Plan officially addressed the incompatibility of the sprawling facilities with the health and meaning of this world-famous forest that the Park had been created to protect. The plan proposed removing from the Giant Forest all of these structures, along with the neighboring Park-provided campgrounds, and all the roads and other infrastructure connecting and servicing these attractions and accommodations. The Park’s concessionaire, many Tulare County and Valley residents, and others from much farther away, decried the Park’s plan and the prospective loss of the beloved facilities that had hosted so many of them for decades.

     It took almost two decades of preparing and presenting more detailed plans and alternate plans, public and private meetings, difficult negotiations, the siting and construction of new facilities outside of the Giant Forest, and years of hard physical and mechanical labor, but by 1999, only three of the historic structures remained. Virtually all the rest of the evidence of the many decades of development was gone, enabling the restoration of the Giant Forest we treasure today to begin.

     And those three surviving structures? They’re still in use today. The Giant Forest Market, designed by renowned architect Gilbert Stanley Underwood, and built in 1928-1929, was extensively remodeled inside, to become the welcoming and enlightening Giant Forest Museum. The nearby comfort station (nowadays generally called “restroom”) still stands in service next to the Museum. And just a short walk away, and a little uphill, the iconic ranger residence continues to house park rangers.

     These timeless examples of Parkitecture, constructed with native materials — wood and stone, and of a size and shape and coloring to blend and harmonize with their natural surroundings, are as attractive and admired today as they’ve been for nearly a hundred years already. Inside the Museum, you can learn when, where, why, and how all these momentous changes occurred in the life and character of the world’s irreplaceable Giant Forest. Then walk the Big Trees trail circling nearby Round Meadow and see what you think about the results.

November 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  


Maps & Directions:

 

From Visalia, go east on Hwy 198 through Three Rivers to the Sequoia National Park entrance station (fee), where Hwy 198 becomes the Generals Highway.

Continue up the mountain on the Generals Highway to the Giant Forest Museum (formerly the Giant Forest Market), on your right. Park in the big lot across the road on your left and you’ll be able to easily walk to the only three remaining structures of the hundreds that thronged the Giant Forest by the 1940s.

If you can, take the time to walk the all-accessible trail around Round Meadow, and the trail out to Sunset Rock.  Imagine what your experience would be if this forest were still filled with roads, cars, shops, motels, cabins, campgrounds, signs, litter, trash cans, artificial lights, outdoor cooking, cacophonous radios, wires, poles, parking lots, many beaten paths, and wildlife jonesing for snacks.  

Nearby Treasures Moro Rock Stairway is just a short loop drive down the Moro Rock/Crescent Meadow Road, starting at the west end of the parking beside the Museum.  Tharp’s Log and the Squatter’s Cabin are two lovely walks away from the Crescent Meadow parking lot/trailheads.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment: Mountains, Giant Forest, giant sequoia groves, mixed conifer forest, lush meadows, creeks, rock outcrops, wildflowers, wildlife, many trails; carry a good Giant Forest trails map
Activities: birding, botanizing, camping (nearby, at Lodgepole), educational facilities, talks, and tours, hiking, history, photography, stargazing, wildflower and wildlife viewing; water and restrooms are available at the historic restrooms near the Museum (and near Moro Rock and at Crescent Meadow); camping and picnicking facilities are available nearby; overnight lodging and restaurant available at Wuksachi
Open: daily, weather permitting (Crescent Meadow/Moro Rock road closed to vehicle traffic in snow season), except in emergency conditions; park entrance fee
Site Steward: National Park Service, Sequoia National Park, 559-565-3341
Opportunities for Involvement: donate, volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links:
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (NPS Site)
Visit Sequoia.com
Plan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions
Sequoia Park Shuttle
Sequoia Kings Canyon Lodging
Books:
1) Challenge of the Big Trees -The Updated History of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, rev. edition, by William C. Tweed and Lary M. Dilsaver (George F. Thompson Publishing, L.L.C.,, 2016)
2) Images of America – Sequoia National Park, by Ward Eldridge (Arcadia Publishing, 2008)
3) King Sequoia: The Tree That Inspired a Nation, Created Our National Park System, and Changed the Way We Think about Nature, by William C. Tweed (Heyday, 2016)

 

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Traveling the John Muir Trail in Tulare County

by Laurie Schwaller

     The epic grand finale of the John Muir Trail is its spectacular last 25 miles in Tulare County, all above 10,000′, culminating in summiting 14,505′ Mt. Whitney, highest peak in the contiguous 48 states. This sensational home stretch includes the climb over Forester Pass, at 13,200′ the highest on the JMT, marvelous meadows, numerous lakes and rushing creeks, vast vistas on the Bighorn Plateau, diverse coniferous forests, plentiful wildlife, wonderful wildflowers, precipitous peaks and beautiful basins, brilliant night skies, and soul-filling days in John Muir’s Range of Light. A journey of a lifetime experience.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                   November 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!

 

John Muir Trail – The Grant Finale

Maps & Directions:

The quickest way to get to the JMT in Tulare County is to drive to the other side of the Sierra and hike west to the JMT. A recommended route for hiking this epic section of the JMT is to access the JMT via Kearsarge Pass and to leave your hike via Whitney Portal. This requires a 2-vehicle shuttle arrangement, with one vehicle for your trip home available at Whitney Portal on your exit day and the other vehicle delivering you to Onion Valley.

Wilderness Permit required. There are quotas on this trail, so reserve it well in advance via Recreation.gov (see https://www.recreation.gov/permits/233262 Inyo National Forest Wilderness Permits if you’re entering the Wilderness via Kearsarge Pass trail; specify Mt. Whitney Trail Crest exit). Try 6 days for this approximately 75 mile hike (giving yourself an overnight at one of the campgrounds coming down from Trail Crest to Whitney Portal; your knees and feet will thank you!).  

Directions:

From Visalia, go west on Hwy 198 to Hwy 99 south to Bakersfield and take Hwy 58 East over Tehachapi and down to the junction with Hwy 14. Go north on Hwy 14 to Hwy 395 north to Lone Pine, then take Whitney Portal Road about 13 miles to the parking area near the JMT trail (this road is usually open from May to early November).

To proceed to Onion Valley, return to Lone Pine and continue north on Hwy 395 about 16 miles to Independence (note that a commercial shuttle can be arranged also). In Independence, go left (west) on Market Street, which soon becomes Onion Valley Road, about 14 miles to Onion Valley and the Kearsarge Pass trailhead. Elevation at Onion Valley is about 9,200′-9,600′. Spend the night in the campground there to start getting acclimated if you can. Trailhead is at 9,200′; Kearsarge Pass is at 11,709′, where it enters Kings Canyon National Park. (Onion Valley Road is closed due to snow from approximately November to April.)

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment: Mountains, mostly above 10,000′, diverse conifer forests, meadows, many lakes and tarns, rushing creeks, waterfalls, towering granite walls and peaks, almost barren Bighorn Plateau, abundant wildlife and wildflowers, challenging trails, superb scenery, highest pass (13,200′) on the JMT, exhilarating summit of Mt. Whitney (14,505′); Inyo National Forest, Kings Canyon National Park, and Sequoia National Park
Activities: backpacking, birding, botanizing, camping, hiking, history/historical sites, fishing (license required), mountaineering, photography, rock climbing, stargazing, wildflower and wildlife viewing (no mechanized/motorized equipment and no pets allowed in Wilderness)
Open: Inyo National Forest and Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks are always open, weather permitting , except in emergency conditions; Wilderness Permit required for overnight visits; quotas apply on many trails, generally late May through late September, with Recreation fee required for entry during quota season; reservations may be made 6 months to 1 week before entry date; campfire permits may be required (NOTE that campfires are not permitted in some areas), maximum group sizes (including stock) apply.
Site Stewards: Inyo National Forest, 760-876-6200 (reserve your Wilderness Permit via Recreation.gov ; see Link below); National Park Service, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, 559-565-3341; Wilderness Office, 559-565-3766
Opportunities for Involvement: donate, volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links: There are many books and online sources of information about hiking the John Muir Trail. Read as much as you can, plan thoroughly and far ahead of your trip time, study the permit system and hope you can get the dates that you want. Be prepared to be flexible. This hike is worth it.
Kearsarge Pass Trail to JMT: https://www.fs.usda.gov/sites/nfs/files/legacy-media/inyo/ROG%20Kearsarge%20Pass%20Trail.pdf
Wilderness Permit for Kearsarge Pass Trail entry through Whitney Portal Trail exit: www.recreation.gov/permits/233262 Inyo National Forest Wilderness Permits (be sure to select Overnight Exiting Mt. Whitney)
Sequoia Kings Canyon National Parks (NPS Site)

 

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Visiting the Dillonwood Grove and Dillon Mill Site in Sequoia National Park

by Laurie Schwaller

    

     In 2001, the 1540-acre Dillonwood Giant Sequoia Grove and its historic Dillon Mill remains became part of Sequoia National Park, reuniting Dillonwood with its other half, the Garfield Grove, which had been protected in the park since its establishment in 1890.  Straddling the north and south flanks of Dennison Ridge respectively, Garfield and Dillonwood comprise one of the five largest of all the Big Tree groves.  But these two halves have very different histories: privately vs. publicly owned, logged vs. unlogged, almost unscathed vs. recently badly burned (NPS is planting restoration seedlings in the Dillonwood grove in 2025) — providing tremendous research opportunities and very different visitor experiences, with hope that Dillonwood may once again thrive anew.

November, 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  


Maps & Directions:

NOTE: Dillonwood is hard to get to, and two extreme wildfires have destroyed almost all the remains of the mill structures and many of the trees, so you may want to delay visiting until some restoration results can be seen. You’ll need a high-clearance, 4-wheel-drive vehicle to reach the National Park’s closed gate, beyond which you’ll have to walk a few miles to get into the Dillonwood grove. [NEED TO TALK TO PARK PEOPLE RE THIS PART.]

The shortest driving route to Dillonwood is via Yokohl Drive/M-296 to its junction with Balch Park Drive, but it’s probably faster to go the longer route through Springville:

From Visalia, go east on Hwy 198 to take Hwy 65 south near Exeter down to Porterville. There, take Hwy 190 east to Springville. Go through Springville to the really big white barn on your left, where you will go left (north) onto Balch Park Dr./Rd. J37.  At the junction with Yokohl Drive, stay right on Balch Park Dr. until you go straight onto Forest Road 19S09 (instead of taking Balch Park Dr. on a sharp right toward Mountain Home/Balch Park).  This is where you’ll need high-clearance four-wheel-drive to get to the Park’s locked gate, beyond which you’ll have to hike a few miles to get into what’s left of the Dillonwood Grove and the remaining fragments of Dillon’s mill. NEED TO ASK SNP RE THIS.

Nearby Treasures: Mountain Home Demonstration State Forest, Balch Park, SCICON, McCarthy Blue Oak Ranch Preserve, River Ridge Ranch and Institute, Springville Historical Museum, Success Lake, Bartlett Park.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment: Mountains, 5400′-8000′, resilient giant sequoia forest (repeatedly logged for a century, added to Sequoia National Park in 2001), source of the North Fork of the Tule River, creeks, meadows, cultural resources – Native American activity sites, site of the large Dillon’s sawmill and extensive logging operation, followed by the Dillon Wood Corporation, extensive regrowth of young sequoias after logging ceased followed by devastating wildfires in 2020 and 2021
Activities: birding, botanizing, hiking (mostly cross-country, virtually no trails), history, photography, wildflower and wildlife viewing (NOTE: no facilities at Dillonwood; water in creeks, etc. must be purified before drinking]
Open: daily, weather permitting, except in emergency conditions (note that you cannot drive all the way to Dillonwood; the Park gate is locked, so you must hike the last few miles up to the grove area)
Site Steward: National Park Service, Sequoia National Park, 559-565-3341
Opportunities for Involvement: donate , volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links: Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (NPS Site); Visit Sequoia.com; Plan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions
Books: 1) Challenge of the Big Trees -The Updated History of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, by William C. Tweed and Lary M. Dilsaver (University of Virginia Press, 2017)
2) A Guide to the Sequoia Groves of California, by Dwight Willard (Yosemite Association, 2000)
3) King Sequoia: The Tree That Inspired a Nation, Created Our National Park System, and Changed the Way We Think about Nature, by William C. Tweed (Heyday, 2016)
54 The Men of Mammoth Forest: A Hundred-year History of a Sequoia Forest and its People in Tulare County, California, by Floyd L. Otter, 1963 (printed by BookCrafter’s, Inc., 1963, 1964, 1976, 1982, 1986, 1995)

 

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Visiting the Cattle Cabin in Sequoia National Park

by Laurie Schwaller

     Find the historic Cattle Cabin in Sequoia National Park’s Giant Forest, just south of the majestic Founders Group on the scenic Circle Meadow Trail. This simple, sturdy shelter recalls the many years when foothill ranchers, beginning with Hale Tharp, in 1861, drove many hundreds of cattle here annually for summer grazing, and eventually added dairy operations — and a Circle Meadow slaughtering corral, to supply fresh milk and meat to the growing populations of workers and tourists thronging the Forest. Can you imagine those days in the timeless, irreplaceable landscape surrounding you today?

October, 2025

 

NOTE:  The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  


Maps & Directions:

 

 From Visalia, go east on Hwy 198 through Three Rivers to the Sequoia National Park entrance station (fee), where Hwy 198 becomes the Generals Highway. Continue up the mountain on the Generals Highway to just before the Giant Forest Museum, where you will turn right onto the Moro Rock/Crescent Meadow Road. Follow this road (bearing left where the road to Moro Rock bears to the right) to the Crescent Meadow parking lot and the trailhead at the end of the road.

 

(NOTE: Crescent Meadow Rd. may be closed in peak season (typically mid-May to mid-September) to automobile traffic; if so, you can catch the Gray Route 2 shuttle to Crescent Meadow).

 

SEE trail directions and partial trail map below:


 

Take the Crescent Meadow trail on the left (west) side of Crescent Meadow and go north to the first trail junction, where you’ll go left (not right toward Log Meadow). At the next junction, go right (north) toward Circle Meadow. Keep right again at the next junction, then go left at the ensuing junction to proceed north on the Circle Meadow trail and find the Cattle Cabin on your right, about 1.4 miles from your starting point.

Alternatively, you can hike to the Cattle Cabin from the General Sherman Tree, if you’re visiting that grandest giant sequoia. Find the nearby Congress Trail trailhead just to the east of the General and follow it south toward the Founders Grove; you’ll see many sensational sequoias on your way to the Cattle Cabin at Circle Meadow.

Nearby Treasures: Squatters Cabin, at the northeast edge of Huckleberry Meadow; Tharp’s Log, near the northwest edge of Log Meadow; Moro Rock Stairway, just a short loop drive off the Crescent Meadow Road.


Site Details & Activities:

Environment: giant sequoia groves, mixed conifer forest, lush meadows, creeks, rock outcrops, wildlife, many trails; carry a good map of Giant Forest
Activities: birding, botanizing, hiking, history, photography, wildflower and wildlife viewing (NOTE: no water is available on the trails [any water in creeks, etc. must be purified before drinking] ; water and restrooms are available at Crescent Meadow, except in snow season.)
Open: daily, weather permitting (Crescent Meadow/Moro Rock road closed to vehicle traffic in snow season), except in emergency conditions; park entrance fee
Site Steward: National Park Service, Sequoia National Park, 559-565-3341
Opportunities for Involvement: donate , volunteer, Sequoia Parks Conservancy
Links: Sequoia Kings Canyon National Parks (NPS Site); Visit Sequoia.com;
Plan Your Visit, Permits, Current Conditions;
Sequoia Kings Canyon Lodging;
Sequoia Park Shuttle;
Sequoia Parks Conservancy (SPC)
Books: 1) Challenge of the Big Trees -The Updated History of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, by William C. Tweed and Lary M. Dilsaver (University of Virginia Press, 2017)
2) Sequoia and Kings Canyon: Official National Park Handbook #145, by Division of Publications, National Park Service, 1992 (U.S. Government Printing Office, 1986)
3) A Guide to the Sequoia Groves of California, by Dwight Willard (Yosemite Association, 2000)
4) King Sequoia: The Tree That Inspired a Nation, Created Our National Park System, and Changed the Way We Think about Nature, by William C. Tweed (Heyday, 2016)

 

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Bearpaw High Sierra Camp for “Luxuries” in the Wilderness

by Laurie Schwaller

    

     Tucked at 7800 feet elevation into the north slope of the vast valley of the Middle Fork of the Kaweah River in Sequoia National Park, iconic Bearpaw High Sierra Camp offers travelers on the spectacularly scenic High Sierra Trail the luxuries of cozy beds, tent cabins, real meals, and hot showers in the wilderness. It opened in 1934, is listed on the NRHP, and, accommodating only 12 guests per night, by reservation only, to rave reviews, is still the sole wilderness lodging in Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks.

    

May, 2025

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full article as volunteer time allows.  Contact us if you’d like to help research, write about, and/or illustrate this Treasure!  

Maps & Directions:

 

Latitude: 36.565330 Longitude: -118.620986

Bearpaw High Sierra Camp is accessible only by foot/stock on the High Sierra Trail in Sequoia National Park.

From Visalia, drive east on Hwy 198 through Three Rivers to the Park entrance (fee). Continue on Hwy 198 (now Generals Highway) up the mountain to just before the Giant Museum and turn right onto the Moro Rock/Crescent Meadow Road. Bear left when the Moro Rock road goes off to the right and continue to the end of the Crescent Meadow Road. The High Sierra trailhead is near the restrooms at the southeast end of the parking lot. (Shuttle transportation to Crescent Meadow is also available in the summer.)

Bearpaw High Sierra camp is about 11.5 miles up the High Sierra Trail.

NOTE: Wilderness permit required to overnight on the High Sierra Trail. Reservation required to stay overnight at Bearpaw High Sierra Camp.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment: Mountains, mixed conifer forest, great views, elevation 7,800′, alongside the High Sierra Trail
Activities: architecture study, backpacking, birdwatching, botanizing, camping, fishing (with valid license and in compliance with state and local regulations), hiking, picnicking, photography, visiting giant sequoia groves (at Crescent Meadow), wildflower and wildlife viewing
Open: Sequoia National Park is always open, weather permitting, unless closed due to emergency conditions; park entrance fee. Bearpaw High Sierra Camp is typically open mid-June to mid-September, depending on weather and road conditions. Reservations are required and often fill quickly, though cancellations may open a spot. Wilderness permit required to overnight on the High Sierra Trail.
NOTE:  Bearpaw High Sierra Camp is currently unavailable until further notice.
Site Steward: Sequoia National Park concessioner, currently Delaware North Companies: for reservations and more information, visit www.visitsequoia.com or call 866-807-3598.
Opportunities for Involvement: donate, volunteer, Sequoia National Park, Sequoia Parks Conservancy; employment at Bearpaw High Sierra Camp (Delaware North Companies)
Links:
www.visitsequoia.com

 

Two simple, rustic, one-story buildings that serve as the Cabin Creek Ranger Station and Dormitory nestle amid the tall straight trunks of the mixed conifer forest in Sequoia National Park. Made of wood, and painted the traditional brown and green to blend with the trees, they have stone chimneys and native granite facing on their foundations to further harmonize them with their beautiful natural surroundings.

 

Two simple, rustic, one-story buildings that serve as the Cabin Creek Ranger Station and Dormitory nestle amid the tall straight trunks of the mixed conifer forest in Sequoia National Park. Made of wood, and painted the traditional brown and green to blend with the trees, they have stone chimneys and native granite facing on their foundations to further harmonize them with their beautiful natural surroundings.

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Visiting Cabin Creek Ranger Residence and Dormitory

by Laurie Schwaller

     Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) workers in Sequoia National Park built the Cabin Creek Ranger Residence and Dormitory in the summers of 1934-1935. The National Register of Historic Places listed these buildings in April, 1978, as excellent examples of National Park Service rustic architecture, which emphasized the design relationship between structures and their natural setting.

     These two small buildings nestle within the dense growth of the mixed conifer forest that screens them from the park’s busy Generals Highway, at 6,800′ elevation. Their simple, single-story design, with wooden walls and shingled roofs, stone chimneys, brown and green exterior paint, sheltering porches front and rear, and native granite facing on their concrete foundations, blends them harmoniously with the surrounding trees. They face east, toward Cabin Creek.

     The residence and dormitory provided housing for rangers staffing the new park entrance station (long since closed) at Lost Grove on the just-completed section of the Generals Highway linking Sequoia National Park and Grant Grove National Park (which became part of Kings Canyon National Park when it was established in 1940). In 2009, the Parks’ historic preservation crew, led by Thor Riksheim, authentically restored these structures. And so, these pleasingly rustic buildings continue to look as they always have, tucked familiarly among the tall trees that shelter them, and still serving to lodge Park personnel and work crews.

March, 2022

 

 

NOTE: The Project Team will be conducting research for a full Treasure Tale article page as volunteer time and resources allow.  Contact Us if you’d like to help research, illustrate, and/or write about this Treasure!


Maps & Directions:

 

Directions:

Cabin Creek Ranger Residence and Dormitory are located in Sequoia National Park, near Dorst Campground.

From Visalia, drive east on Hwy 198 through the town of Three Rivers to the Park entrance (fee). Follow Hwy 198 (called the Generals Highway in the Park) up the mountain to Dorst Campground.

The Ranger Residence and Dormitory are located approximately two miles beyond (northwest of) the campground and down a driveway off the east side of the highway.

 

NOTE: These buildings are Park residences. Please respect the occupants’ privacy. Do not approach these buildings.

 


Site Details & Activities:

Environment: Mountains, mixed conifer forest, elevation 6,800 feet, in Sequoia National Park
Activities: architecture study, history, photography (exterior only)
Open: Sequoia National Park is always open, weather permitting, unless closed due to emergency conditions; park entrance fee. Note: These buildings are Park residences. Please always respect the occupants’ privacy. Do not approach these buildings.
Opportunities for Involvement: Donate, volunteer